430 Stainless Steel

At a Glance

430 Stainless Steel is a ferritic, straight-chromium stainless steel known for its good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, formability, and cost effectiveness. Unlike austenitic stainless steels such as 304 and 316, 430 contains little to no nickel, making it a more economical option for applications that require stainless corrosion resistance but do not need the higher strength, ductility, or chloride resistance of nickel-bearing grades.

Because 430 is ferritic, it is magnetic and cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Instead, it is generally supplied in the annealed condition and may be strengthened through cold working. It performs well in mildly corrosive environments and offers good resistance to atmospheric corrosion, fresh water, food-related environments, and many indoor or decorative applications.

430 Stainless Steel is commonly formed using bending, drawing, stretch forming, and other cold-forming operations. It offers good formability, although it is not as ductile as austenitic stainless grades. Welding is possible, but 430 has lower weldability than many austenitic stainless steels and may require proper welding procedures to reduce brittleness or loss of corrosion resistance in the heat-affected area.

Although 430 Stainless Steel has a higher maximum carbon level than some other stainless grades, its ferritic straight-chromium structure is the main reason it is non-hardenable by heat treatment.

One important advantage of 430 Stainless Steel is its resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures. It is often used where resistance to scaling, moderate heat, and general corrosion are needed. This makes it useful for both decorative and functional components across appliance, automotive, kitchen equipment, and light industrial applications.

430 Stainless Steel is widely used in products such as:

• Dishwasher linings
• Automotive trim
• Chimney liners
• Machine parts
• Kitchen tables and utensils
• Appliance panels and trim
• Food service equipment
• Decorative stainless components

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for 430 Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 430

Typical Mechanical Properties for 430

Specifications

• AMS 5627 (Bar)
• ASTM A276 (Bar)
• ASTM A479 (Bar)
• ASTM A240 (Sheet and Plate)
• UNS S43000

430FR Stainless Steel

At a Glance

430FR Stainless Steel is a ferritic stainless steel with increased silicon content, giving it improved magnetic characteristics and higher electrical resistivity. It is designed for applications that require a combination of magnetic performance, corrosion resistance, and machinability.

Compared with standard 430 stainless steel, 430FR contains added silicon and sulfur. The silicon helps improve magnetic response and electrical resistivity, while the sulfur improves machinability. This makes 430FR especially useful for precision-machined components used in electromagnetic and solenoid-operated devices.

430FR is commonly used in parts that require both corrosion resistance and magnetic performance, such as:

• Solenoid valves
• Injectors
• Magnetic cores
• Sensor components
• Electromagnetic devices

430FR maintains good corrosion resistance in fresh water, mildly acidic environments, and low-chloride conditions. It is not intended to replace higher-corrosion-resistant stainless steels, such as 316, in severe chloride, marine, or highly corrosive environments. However, it is a strong choice for applications where corrosion resistance and magnetic performance are both important.

Because 430FR is ferritic, it is magnetic and non-hardenable by heat treatment. It is generally supplied in the annealed condition and is valued for stable magnetic response, dimensional stability, and reliable performance in precision-machined components.

430FR’s magnetic characteristics, machinability, and corrosion resistance make it useful in industries such as:

• Aerospace
• Automotive
• Industrial manufacturing
• Electromagnetic equipment

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for 430FR Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 430FR

Typical Mechanical Properties for 430FR

Specifications

• ASTM A838 Alloy 2

430FR Stainless Steel

At a Glance

430FR Stainless Steel is a ferritic stainless steel with increased silicon content, giving it improved magnetic characteristics and higher electrical resistivity. It is designed for applications that require a combination of magnetic performance, corrosion resistance, and machinability.

Compared with standard 430 stainless steel, 430FR contains added silicon and sulfur. The silicon helps improve magnetic response and electrical resistivity, while the sulfur improves machinability. This makes 430FR especially useful for precision-machined components used in electromagnetic and solenoid-operated devices.

430FR is commonly used in parts that require both corrosion resistance and magnetic performance, such as:

• Solenoid valves
• Injectors
• Magnetic cores
• Sensor components
• Electromagnetic devices

430FR maintains good corrosion resistance in fresh water, mildly acidic environments, and low-chloride conditions. It is not intended to replace higher-corrosion-resistant stainless steels, such as 316, in severe chloride, marine, or highly corrosive environments. However, it is a strong choice for applications where corrosion resistance and magnetic performance are both important.

Because 430FR is ferritic, it is magnetic and non-hardenable by heat treatment. It is generally supplied in the annealed condition and is valued for stable magnetic response, dimensional stability, and reliable performance in precision-machined components.

430FR’s magnetic characteristics, machinability, and corrosion resistance make it useful in industries such as:

• Aerospace
• Automotive
• Industrial manufacturing
• Electromagnetic equipment

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for 430FR Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 430FR

Typical Mechanical Properties for 430FR

Specifications

• ASTM A838 Alloy 2

440C Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to 440C Stainless Steel

440C Stainless Steel is a high-carbon martensitic stainless steel known for its exceptional hardness, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance. Often used in applications requiring a durable edge and long-lasting performance, 440C is ideal for parts like bearings, cutlery, and molds. This alloy achieves one of the highest hardness levels among stainless steels, making it well suited for high-stress applications in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and tooling.

High Hardness and Wear Resistance

440C Stainless Steel stands out for its high hardness after heat treatment, reaching up to Rockwell C 58–60. This hardness, along with its excellent wear resistance, makes it an ideal choice for applications requiring durability and a sharp edge. Its strength and stability under stress also make it a popular choice for high-performance components that experience repeated or intense contact.

Corrosion Resistance

While 440C Stainless Steel offers good corrosion resistance, it is generally best suited to mild environments. Its resistance to moisture and moderate corrosive elements is sufficient for many applications but may be outperformed by other stainless steels in highly corrosive settings. Despite this, its ability to withstand wear without losing strength makes it a preferred choice for demanding applications.

Differences Between 440 Grades

440C Stainless Steel is often compared to other grades in the 440 series, particularly 440F and 440F Se, which are free-machining versions of 440 stainless steel. 440C differs from these grades in several ways. It lacks the added sulfur or selenium found in 440F and 440F Se, which means it does not offer the same machinability but provides superior hardness and wear resistance.

Additionally, 440C has better corrosion resistance than 440F and 440F Se, making it suitable for applications where both strength and moderate corrosion resistance are essential.

Applications of 440C Stainless Steel

440C Stainless Steel’s combination of high hardness, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance makes it suitable for a variety of applications:

• Bearings and Bushings: Commonly used in high-wear components that require long-lasting strength and durability.
• Cutlery and Blades: Ideal for high-quality knives and cutting tools that benefit from a hard, sharp edge.
• Molds and Dies: Used in plastic and metal forming applications where strength and wear resistance are critical.
• Medical Instruments: Suitable for surgical tools and dental instruments that require high durability and edge retention.
• Aerospace Components: Used in parts that demand high strength and resistance to wear in challenging environments.

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for 440C Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 440C

Typical Mechanical Properties for 440C

Specifications

• AMS 5630
• ASTM A276

440C Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to 440C Stainless Steel

440C Stainless Steel is a high-carbon martensitic stainless steel known for its exceptional hardness, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance. Often used in applications requiring a durable edge and long-lasting performance, 440C is ideal for parts like bearings, cutlery, and molds. This alloy achieves one of the highest hardness levels among stainless steels, making it well suited for high-stress applications in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and tooling.

High Hardness and Wear Resistance

440C Stainless Steel stands out for its high hardness after heat treatment, reaching up to Rockwell C 58–60. This hardness, along with its excellent wear resistance, makes it an ideal choice for applications requiring durability and a sharp edge. Its strength and stability under stress also make it a popular choice for high-performance components that experience repeated or intense contact.

Corrosion Resistance

While 440C Stainless Steel offers good corrosion resistance, it is generally best suited to mild environments. Its resistance to moisture and moderate corrosive elements is sufficient for many applications but may be outperformed by other stainless steels in highly corrosive settings. Despite this, its ability to withstand wear without losing strength makes it a preferred choice for demanding applications.

Differences Between 440 Grades

440C Stainless Steel is often compared to other grades in the 440 series, particularly 440F and 440F Se, which are free-machining versions of 440 stainless steel. 440C differs from these grades in several ways. It lacks the added sulfur or selenium found in 440F and 440F Se, which means it does not offer the same machinability but provides superior hardness and wear resistance.

Additionally, 440C has better corrosion resistance than 440F and 440F Se, making it suitable for applications where both strength and moderate corrosion resistance are essential.

Applications of 440C Stainless Steel

440C Stainless Steel’s combination of high hardness, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance makes it suitable for a variety of applications:

• Bearings and Bushings: Commonly used in high-wear components that require long-lasting strength and durability.
• Cutlery and Blades: Ideal for high-quality knives and cutting tools that benefit from a hard, sharp edge.
• Molds and Dies: Used in plastic and metal forming applications where strength and wear resistance are critical.
• Medical Instruments: Suitable for surgical tools and dental instruments that require high durability and edge retention.
• Aerospace Components: Used in parts that demand high strength and resistance to wear in challenging environments.

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for 440C Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 440C

Typical Mechanical Properties for 440C

Specifications

• AMS 5630
• ASTM A276
• ASTM A240

440F Se Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to 440F Se Stainless Steel

440F Se Stainless Steel is a free-machining version of 440 stainless steel, enhanced by the addition of selenium for improved machinability and surface finish. This grade offers a useful balance of hardness and ease of machining, making it well suited for high-precision parts. It is commonly used in applications such as medical instruments, valves, and fasteners, where a smooth finish and tight tolerances are important.

Machinability and Surface Finish

440F Se Stainless Steel is known for its excellent machinability, achieved by adding selenium to the alloy. This addition provides a finer surface finish compared to many standard martensitic stainless steels, making 440F Se useful for precision applications requiring smooth surfaces.

The alloy is well suited for high-volume production and complex parts where ease of machining, consistent finish, and dimensional accuracy are priorities.

Strength, Hardness, and Moderate Corrosion Resistance

440F Se retains good hardness and strength after heat treatment, making it suitable for components that require both durability and machinability. While its corrosion resistance is slightly lower than 440C due to the selenium addition, it performs well in mild environments and applications where corrosion resistance is secondary to machinability.

Differences Between 440 Grades

440F Se differs from 440C and standard 440F primarily due to the addition of selenium, which improves machinability and surface finish. Unlike 440C, which is generally selected for maximum hardness, wear resistance, and better corrosion resistance, 440F Se is tailored for ease of machining in precision applications.

Compared with standard 440F, 440F Se is often selected when a finer machined finish is desired. This makes it suitable for applications requiring high accuracy, smooth surfaces, and repeatable production.

Applications of 440F Se Stainless Steel

440F Se Stainless Steel’s free-machining qualities and fine surface finish make it useful for a variety of applications:

• Medical Instruments: Used in precision surgical tools and dental instruments that require high machinability and a smooth finish.
• Valves and Fittings: Suitable for high-precision parts requiring both strength and machinability.
• Fasteners: Commonly used in fasteners where tight tolerances and a polished finish are needed.
• Automotive Components: Suitable for shafts, fittings, and other parts that require high machining accuracy.
• Industrial Tools: Useful for manufacturing precision tools, taps, dies, and other machined components.

Buy 440F Se Stainless Steel from M. Vincent

At M. Vincent, we supply 440F Se Stainless Steel in round bar to meet the demands of industries like medical, automotive, and tooling. We offer competitive pricing, quick delivery, and expert support to help you get the right material for your project. Contact us today for more information or to request a quote.

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for 440F Se Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 440F Se

Typical Mechanical Properties for 440F Se

Specifications

• AMS 5632 Type 2
• ASTM A582
• UNS S44023

455 Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to 455 Stainless Steel

455 Stainless Steel, also known as Carpenter Custom 455®, is a martensitic age-hardenable stainless steel known for its high strength, toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance. This alloy is particularly useful in industries that require materials capable of maintaining strength and integrity in high-stress environments. Its ability to reach high tensile strength through simple heat treatment makes it highly versatile for aerospace, chemical processing, automotive, and medical applications.

Strength and Hardening Properties

455 Stainless Steel offers excellent mechanical properties, particularly in terms of high tensile and yield strength. The alloy can be age hardened with a relatively simple heat treatment process, achieving high strength while maintaining good toughness and ductility. This feature makes it a strong choice for components that need to withstand repeated stress and maintain structural integrity over time.

Corrosion Resistance and Durability

One of the significant advantages of Carpenter Custom 455® is its impressive corrosion resistance for a high-strength martensitic stainless steel. It is often selected for applications where strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance must work together.

Custom 455® offers reliable performance in demanding environments, including aerospace, chemical processing, automotive, and medical applications. Its combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical strength makes it useful for high-performance components that must resist wear, stress, and environmental exposure.

Applications of 455 Stainless Steel

Due to its combination of high strength, corrosion resistance, and toughness, 455 Stainless Steel is used in a variety of demanding applications across multiple industries:

• Aerospace Components: Used for aircraft structures, landing gear components, and fasteners requiring high strength and corrosion resistance.
• Oil and Gas Industry: Suitable for valves, shafts, and high-strength components where durability and corrosion resistance are important.
• Automotive Components: Used in high-performance automotive parts such as shafts and springs that require both strength and durability.
• Chemical Processing Equipment: Used for pumps, mixers, valves, and other components exposed to demanding service conditions.
• Medical Instruments: Commonly used in surgical instruments and medical tools where high strength and corrosion resistance are essential.

Buy 455 Stainless Steel from M. Vincent

At M. Vincent, we supply 455 Stainless Steel, including Carpenter Custom 455®, in multiple forms to meet the needs of industries ranging from aerospace to medical. Our team offers competitive pricing, timely delivery, and expert support to help you get the right material for your project. Contact us today for more information or to request a quote.

Material is fully certified to AMS 5617 and ASTM F899 surgical instrument quality and is available precision ground to ±.0005 when applicable.

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for Custom 455® Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 455

Typical Mechanical Properties for 455

Specifications

• ASTM F899
• AMS 5617
• ASTM A564 Grade XM-16
• UNS S45500

465 Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to 465 Stainless Steel

465 Stainless Steel, also known as Carpenter Custom 465®, is a martensitic age-hardenable stainless steel that offers exceptional ultra-high strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. Designed to perform under demanding conditions, this alloy is widely used in industries such as aerospace, defense, and medical applications where high strength and toughness are critical. With its superior mechanical properties, Carpenter Custom 465® is well suited for components requiring long-term reliability and durability.

Ultra-High Strength and Toughness

465 Stainless Steel achieves its ultra-high strength and toughness through a simple age-hardening process. This makes it capable of handling extreme stress while maintaining useful ductility, which is important for components in high-performance applications.

The alloy can be heat treated to reach yield strengths near 250 ksi in the H1000 condition, making it stronger than many competing stainless materials. Its excellent balance of strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance helps it withstand repeated high-stress conditions.

Corrosion Resistance and Fatigue Strength

Carpenter Custom 465® offers excellent corrosion resistance for an ultra-high-strength stainless steel. It is often selected where high strength, corrosion resistance, and resistance to repeated stress are all required in the same component.

Its high fatigue strength enhances durability and supports long-lasting performance in challenging operating environments. This makes 465 Stainless Steel a strong choice for aerospace, defense, medical, and high-performance precision applications.

Applications of 465 Stainless Steel

The combination of ultra-high strength, corrosion resistance, toughness, and fatigue resistance makes 465 Stainless Steel useful for demanding applications across multiple industries:

• Aerospace Components: Used in aircraft structural components, landing gear components, and engine parts that require high strength and toughness.
• Defense Equipment: Suitable for military-grade fasteners, missile components, and high-strength structural parts.
• Oil and Gas Industry: Used for downhole tools, valves, shafts, and high-strength components exposed to demanding service conditions.
• Medical Instruments: Used in surgical instruments and medical tools requiring high strength, corrosion resistance, and reliable performance.
• High-Strength Precision Parts: Suitable for fasteners, shafts, springs, and other components requiring ultra-high strength and dimensional control.

Buy 465 Stainless Steel From M. Vincent

At M. Vincent, we offer 465 Stainless Steel in a range of forms, including bar, sheet, and plate, to suit the needs of industries like aerospace, defense, and medical. Our team is committed to providing competitive pricing, timely delivery, and expert support to help you get the right material for your project. Contact us today to learn more or to request a quote.

Material is fully certified to AMS 5936 and ASTM F899 surgical instrument quality and is available precision ground to ±.0005 when applicable.

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for Custom 465 Stainless Steel

Chemical Range for 465

Typical Mechanical Properties for 465

Specifications

• AMS 5936, capable of H1000
• ASTM A564, capable of H1000
• ASTM F899
• UNS S46500

BioDur® 108 Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to BioDur® 108 Stainless Steel

BioDur® 108 Stainless Steel is a high-nitrogen, low-nickel austenitic stainless steel developed for medical applications requiring strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. It is often selected as an alternative to traditional nickel-containing implant alloys because it is essentially nickel-free and cobalt-free while still offering the mechanical performance needed for demanding medical components.

Unlike martensitic or precipitation-hardening stainless steels, BioDur® 108 is not hardened by heat treatment. Instead, it gains strength through cold working, a process in which the material is shaped or reduced at room temperature. Cold working increases strength while allowing the alloy to maintain good ductility and toughness, making it useful for components that must perform reliably under repeated stress.

One of the most important features of BioDur® 108 is its high nitrogen content. Nitrogen helps improve strength, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance without relying on high nickel content. This makes the alloy especially useful for medical products where high strength and reduced nickel exposure are important design considerations.

BioDur® 108 is non-magnetic and offers compatibility with medical imaging environments where magnetic response is a concern. Its low-nickel composition may also be beneficial for applications involving patients with metal sensitivity concerns. For implantable or body-contact applications, material selection should always be confirmed by the device manufacturer and applicable regulatory requirements.

Common medical applications for BioDur® 108 include:

• Bone plates
• Bone screws
• Hip and knee components
• Orthodontic appliances
• High-strength surgical instruments
• Trauma fixation devices
• Spinal components
• Medical wires and formed components

BioDur® 108 is covered by ASTM F2229, the standard specification for wrought, nitrogen-strengthened, low-nickel stainless steel alloy bar and wire for surgical implants. Its combination of low nickel content, high nitrogen strengthening, corrosion resistance, fatigue strength, and non-magnetic behavior makes it a valuable material for medical manufacturers seeking a strong stainless alloy for sensitive and high-performance applications.

Nitronic 60 Stainless Steel

At a Glance

Introduction to Nitronic 60

Nitronic 60 is a high-performance specialty stainless steel known for its excellent wear resistance, galling resistance, toughness, and corrosion resistance. It is especially useful in applications where metal parts are exposed to friction, sliding contact, heavy loads, or repeated mechanical stress.

Unlike many stainless steels that are selected primarily for corrosion resistance, Nitronic 60 is often chosen for its ability to resist galling and wear. This makes it a strong option for components such as bushings, bearings, fasteners, valve parts, and other applications where metal-to-metal contact can cause seizing, scoring, or premature failure.

Wear and Galling Resistance

The primary advantage of Nitronic 60 is its outstanding resistance to wear and galling. Galling can occur when metal surfaces slide against each other under pressure, causing material transfer, seizing, or surface damage. Nitronic 60 helps reduce this risk, even in applications where lubrication is limited or unavailable.

This makes the alloy valuable in high-friction applications where maintenance downtime, part replacement, or fastener seizure can be costly. Its wear resistance allows components to maintain reliable performance in demanding service conditions.

Corrosion Resistance and Strength

Nitronic 60 offers a strong balance of corrosion resistance, strength, and toughness. It performs well in many environments where both corrosion resistance and mechanical durability are needed. While it is not intended to replace more corrosion-resistant grades in every severe chemical or chloride environment, it offers a useful combination of stainless corrosion resistance and superior wear performance.

The alloy is generally supplied in the annealed condition and is not hardened by heat treatment. Its chemistry, including manganese, silicon, and nitrogen, contributes to its strength, toughness, galling resistance, and overall performance.

Applications of Nitronic 60

Nitronic 60’s combination of wear resistance, galling resistance, strength, and corrosion resistance makes it useful across aerospace, automotive, marine, oil and gas, heavy equipment, and industrial manufacturing applications.

Common applications for Nitronic 60 include:

• Bushings and Bearings: Used where metal-to-metal contact, friction, and heavy loading are concerns.
• Fasteners: Helps reduce thread galling, seizing, and locking during assembly or service.
• Valve Components: Suitable for valve stems, seats, and related components exposed to both mechanical stress and corrosive conditions.
• Shafts and Wear Rings: Useful in parts that require strength, wear resistance, and dimensional reliability.
• Landing Gear Components: May be used in high-stress components that experience repeated load and friction.
• Industrial Equipment: Used in components where galling, abrasion, and maintenance downtime are concerns.

Buy Nitronic 60 From M. Vincent

As a leading distributor of specialty metals, M. Vincent offers Nitronic 60 in a variety of forms, including bar, plate, and sheet. Whether you need custom sizes or larger orders, we can help meet your project requirements. With competitive pricing, quick lead times, and a commitment to quality, we make it easy to get the materials you need when you need them. Contact us today for more information or to request a quote.

Chemical Data, Mechanical Properties and Specifications for Nitronic 60

Chemical Range for Nitronic 60

Typical Mechanical Properties for Nitronic 60

Specifications

• AMS 5848
• ASTM A479
• ASTM A276
• UNS S21800